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Home / Weed & Pest Directory / Species / Ivy (Hedera species)

Ivy (Hedera species)

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  • Ivy leaves.
  • Ivy leaves.
  • Ivy leaves.
  • English ivy berries.
    Photo Credit: Jan Samanek, Phytosanitary Administration, Bugwood.org
  • English ivy flowers.
    Photo Credit: Jan Samanek, Phytosanitary Administration, Bugwood.org
  • Ivy on tree.
  • Ivy on tree.
  • Ivy infestation.
  • Ivy infestation along road

Species include:

  • English Ivy (Hedera helix) also called common ivy
  • Irish Ivy (Hedera hibernica) also called Atlantic ivy

Ivy is a plant that many people seem to love. But it’s really a plant that people should think twice about planting. While it is often grown as an ornamental groundcover, its ability to escape home gardens and dominate habitats makes it sinister in parks, natural areas, and forests. Because of their similar appearance and environmental impact, English and Irish ivy are often described together and controlled in the same manner. 

Description:

Life Cycle:Perennial (life cycle lasts more than one year)
Early Detection and Rapid Response species:No
Height:This climbing vine can reach the canopy of mature trees, nearly 100 feet (30 meters) in the air.
Leaf Description:The leaves come in two forms: juvenile and mature. Both leaves are evergreen, leathery and alternate along the vines.

Juvenile leaves are lobed while mature leaves are larger and pointed with no lobes.
Fruit & Flower Description:When light and nutrients allow, small, greenish white flowers are formed that produce purple-black berries.
Bloom Time:Fall

Habitat:

  • It prefers moist soils in areas with summer shade and winter sunlight.
  • It grows in a variety of landscapes including woodlands, forests, riparian areasRiparian Areas Areas of land that occur along the edges of rivers, streams, lakes, and other bodies of water., and urban areas.

Impact:

  • It quickly outcompetes native plants for light, nutrients, soil, and space creating “ivy deserts.”
  • Its shallow roots increase the chance greater chances of erosion, as deep-rooted native plants are replaced by the shallower rooted ivy.
  • Trees covered in ivy are at risk of being toppled, due to the immense weight of the vines.
  • Consuming large amounts of leaves and fruits can be mildly toxic to people and cattle.

What you can do about it:

  • Manual treatment is labor intensive, but if done correctly, can prove effective and fulfilling.
  • Plants are easier to pull out of the ground when the soil is damp from rain. In Washington County, fall through spring is a great time to remove it.
  • To control ground ivy, pull vines from one end and begin rolling it into a ball. Make sure to place the vines onto a tarp to dry out completely and prevent re-rooting. Once vines are dry, they will not be able to re-establish and can be composted on site.
  • In the case of climbing ivy, cut its stems at chest height down to the base of the tree, creating a gap on the tree trunk. It will take some time, but the remaining stems will slowly die and fall off. Do not pull the remaining vines from the tree as this can dislodge branches and damage bark.

Look-Alikes:

Old man's beard leaves and white flowers.
Old man’s beard.

Ivy is often confused with another weed, old man’s beard (Clematis vitalba). Old man’s beard has very different leaves and flowers. Old man’s beard’s flowers are larger and white, whereas ivy’s flowers are green.

Noxious Weed Listing:

State of Oregon:Class B
State of Washington:Class C

More Resources:

Download the Ivy Best Management Practices Factsheet

Download Factsheet
  • Pacific Northwest Weed Management Handbook: Common or English ivy
  • University of California, Weed Research & Information Center: English, Algerian, and Atlantic ivy
« Mouse-ear Hawkweed (Hieracium pilosella)
Woody Knotweeds (Polygonum species) »

Posted In:

AgriculturalCommonForestPlantToxic
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